关于英语写作,你可能忽略了重要的这些!
2019-04-22 14:45
来源:新东方英语
作者:吴丽芳
规则8 用破折号表示突然的停顿或中断、引导较长的同位语或总结性语句
破折号比逗号分隔作用强,但它不及冒号正式,也不如括号严谨。
例如:
His first thought on getting out of bed — if he had any thought at all — was to get back in again.
他起床时的第一个念头-如果他产生了任何念头的话—就是再回到床上去。
一般只在其他常用标点不足以满足需求时,才使用破折号。
例如:
Violence — the kind you see on television — is not honestly violent- there lies its harm.
你在电视上看到的那种暴力还算不上真正的暴力,但其危害正在于此。
修正:
Violence, the kind you see on television, is not honestly violent. There lies its harm.
规则9 主语的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数
插在主语和谓语间的其他成分不影响谓语动词的单复数。
例如:
The bittersweet flavor of youth — its trials, its joys, its adventures, its challenges – are not soon forgortten.
青春那苦乐交杂的滋味——那些磨难、喜悦、冒险和挑战,是不会轻易被忘记的。
修正:
The bittersweet flavor of youth—its trials, its joys, its adventures, its challenges – is not soon forgotten.
规则10 代词的格要用得得当
例如:
Sandy writes better than I.
桑迪写得比我好。
规则11 位于句首的分词短语所修饰的必须是该句的主语
例如:
On arriving in Chicago, his friends met him at the station.
一抵达芝加哥,他就见到了来车站接他的朋友们。
修正:
On arriving in Chicago, he was met at the station by his friens.
02
写作的基本原则
Elementary Principles of Composition
规则12 选择恰当的布局结构,并始终如一
任何文章都有其各自的基本结构。作者动笔之前需进行周密的构思和谋篇布局。作者心中的构架越清晰,写作成功的希望就越大。
规则13 将段落作为文章的基本单位
一般情况下,一个主题之下都会有几个分论题,每个分论题各以一段文字进行论述。段落的起始句要么能点明段落主题,要么能起到过渡作用。
规则14 使用主动语态
主动语态通常比被动语态更直接、有力:
例如:
There were a great number of dead leaves lying on the ground.
地上有许多枯叶。
修正:
Dead leaves covered the ground.
枯叶覆地。