Why does this matter?

　　为什么这很重要呢?

　　Because, in our aspiration to relevance; in our love of our families; in our desire to make this world a better place, despite our differences, we are all the same.

　　因为，在我们渴望出人头地的过程中，在我们呵护家人的过程中，在我们渴望做出贡献让这个世界变得更美好的过程中，尽管我们存在分歧，但我们都是一样的。

　　When you meet and befriend someone from another culture or country who speaks a different language or who worships differently, you quickly realize this. And here’s my main point, and the challenge I’m offering you today.

　　当你结识一个来自不同国家、传承不同文化、讲不同语言、拥有不同信仰的人时，你很快就会认识到这一点。以下是我的主要观点，以及我今天向你们提出的挑战：

　　Our celebration of difference needs to extend to differences of values and belief, too. Diversity includes political and cultural diversity. It includes a diversity of perspectives and approaches to solving problems. It’s far too easy, with social media shaping our interactions, to engage only with people with whom we already agree. Members of our tribe. This world is bigger than that.

　　我们颂扬差异，这种颂扬需要延伸到价值观和信仰领域。多元化包含了政治和文化的多元化，包含了观点和解决之道的多元化。如今，在社交媒体塑造人际互动的情况下，我们很容易只跟观点与自己一致的人交流，也就是自己部落的成员。这个世界要超越、而且必须超越那样的狭隘。

　　So here is my request: As you go forward from this place, I would like you to make a point of reaching out to people whose beliefs and values differ from your own. I would like you to listen to them, to truly listen, and try to understand them, and find that common ground. You have a world of opportunity at your fingertips. But as you go forward from here, understand that just around the corner, a whole different order of learning awaits, in which your teachers will come from every station in life, every level of education, every belief system, every lifestyle. I hope you will embrace that. You have been students, you will continue to learn all your life, but now it is time to become leaders.

　　所以，我的愿望是：当你们从这里出发继续前进时，我希望你们能够重视去结识那些信仰和价值观与自己不同的人。我希望你们聆听他们的声音，仔细聆听，并试着去理解他们，找出共同点。你们面前是一个机会触手可及的世界，但在你们从这里出发继续前进时，你们要明白，前方有一种完全不同的学习规则等待着你们，老师会出现在你们不同的人生站点，他们拥有不同的教育水平、不同的信仰体系以及不同的生活方式，我希望你们会接受这一切。你们一直都是学生，这一生都会继续学习，但现在，你们也是时候成为领导者了。

　　In every generation, leaders emerge because they one day awake to the realization that it’s not up to someone else to fix this problem, or take up that cause – it’s up to them. Now is the time for you to lead.

　　每一代人中都会有领导者出现，因为他们有一天会意识到，解决这个问题或者肩负这项事业的不会是其他人，而是他们自己。所以，现在轮到你们挺身而出成为领导者了。

　　Leaders. I’m sure that’s a word that’s been tossed around you and at you quite a bit over the past few days, weeks, and years. Leaders of tomorrow. Leaders of today. But what does it mean? What attributes does a 21st century leader need to have? What do people need most from their leaders?

　　领导者，我确信在过去几小时、几天、几周和几年时间里，你们一定经常听别人说起这个词。明日领导者，今日领导者，但这是什么意思呢?21世纪的领导者需要具备哪些素质?当下和未来，人们最需要领导者的地方是什么?

　　Well, I think you need to be brave. Really brave. And I know, when you think of courageous leaders, you think of those folks who stood implacably and fearlessly, anchored in their sense of rightness, willing to pit their ideals against all comers, against the slings and arrows aimed their way. Well, I don’t think that’s brave enough. I don’t think that’s good enough for what our shared future will ask of you. I actually don’t think it’s ever been.

　　我认为，你们需要勇敢，真正的勇敢。我知道，当你们想起勇敢的领导者时，你们会想到那些坚定不移、无所畏惧的人，他们坚持自己认为正确的事，愿意用自己的想法去对抗所有人，去对抗那些掷向自己的石头和箭矢。但我认为这还不够勇敢，还无法满足我们共同的未来对你们提出的要求。事实上，我认为这从来都不够。

　　Let me tell you a bit about Wilfrid Laurier, a promising young lawyer at the end of the 19th century, who would go on to become my second-favourite Canadian Prime Minister. He was raised and educated as a proud, Catholic French-Canadian, an exemplary representative of one side of the two identities that had come together to found Canada just a few decades before. The two solitudes (the other half being English-speaking, Protestant, and fiercely loyal to the British Crown) accommodated each other, cooperated together, and generally put up with each other to build our country, but still felt all too well the divisions and fault lines that had led them through almost a millennium of tensions and wars between English and French. It was impressed upon Wilfrid by his teachers and elders that he must stand up unflinchingly for the values and identity of his heritage, those beliefs and approaches that were his birthright, and would be his legacy. That THAT was leadership.

　　让我跟你们说说威尔弗里德·劳雷尔(Wilfrid Laurier)的事，他是19世纪末一位前途远大的年轻律师，之后，他成为了我第二喜欢的总理。他被培养成一个自豪的天主教法裔加拿大人，他是两种身份人群中其中一方的典型代表，而就在几十年前，这两种身份的人聚在一起建立了加拿大。这两种人——另一方是说英语、极为忠于英国皇室的新教徒——适应了彼此，他们一起合作，相互包容，共同建设了我们的国家，但对于曾经让英国人和法国人长期陷入紧张关系甚至战争的分歧以及断层，他们仍然感受尤深。老师和长者让年轻的威尔弗里德牢记，他必须毫不妥协地捍卫自己传承的价值和身份，那些信仰和观点是他与生俱来的权利，并且也将成为他的遗产。他们告诉他，那就是领导力。

　　But Wilfrid grew to believe otherwise. He realized that it’s actually easy to stand rooted in the conviction that you are right, and either wait for others to come to you, or wait for your chance to i mpose that rightness on others. It is actually harder to seek compromise. To dig in deep into yourself, your ideas and convictions, honestly and rigorously, to see where you can give, and where you do need to stand, while opening yourself up to the other point of view, to seek out and find that common ground.

　　不过，威尔弗里德长大后有了不同的看法。他意识到，坚持认为自己是对的，其实很容易。你要么等着别人来纠正自己，要么等待机会把自己的正确性强加给别人。他明白，更难的其实是寻求妥协，诚实且严格地审视自己，审视自己的想法和信仰，看看自己在哪些地方能够让步、在哪些地方需要坚守立场，同时对其他观点敞开怀抱，寻找和发现共同基础。

　　And that remains Wilfrid Laurier’s political legacy, more than 100 years later. To let yourself be vulnerable to another point of view. That’s what takes true courage. To open yourself to another’s convictions, and risk being convinced, a little, or a lot, of the validity of their perspective.

　　100多年后，这仍然是威尔弗里德·劳雷尔的政治遗产。让自己能够接受另一种观点的影响，这需要真正的勇气。敞开怀抱去接受别人的信念，不要害怕被他们的正确观点说服。

　　Now that’s scary: discovering that someone you vehemently disagree with might have a point. Might even be right. But it shouldn’t be scary, or threatening. Particularly to all of you, who have worked so hard these past years to pursue truth, to learn, to grow. Being open to others is what has gradually led Canadians to the understanding that differences can and should be a source of strength, not of weakness. And I say ‘gradually,’ because 20th century Canadian history is filled with counter-examples and terrible setbacks that we are still trying to remedy today, most notable the systemic marginalization and oppression of Indigenous Peoples. We’re not perfect, of course, but that sense of openness, respect for other points of view, and acceptance of each other really does underpin our approach as we try to solve the great problems of our time. And not because we’re nice (although of course we are), but because bringing together diverse perspectives gives you a much better shot at meeting those challenges. And that’s how we come back to you, and the leaders the world needs you to be.

　　当你发现自己强烈反对的人可能说的有道理，甚至有可能是对的时，这很可怕。但你们不应觉得可怕或受到威胁，尤其是对在座各位来说，因为过去这些年，你们一直在努力追求真理，努力学习和成长。正是因为向其他人敞开怀抱，加拿大人才逐渐认识到，差异可以而且必须成为力量的源泉，而非软弱的根源。我之所以说“逐渐”，是因为20世纪的加拿大历史中充斥着各种反例和可怕的挫折，我们如今仍在试图加以补救，其中最引人注目的当属对土著居民的系统性边缘化和压迫。当然，我们并不完美，但那种开放性、对其他观点的尊重以及对彼此的接受，真的在我们努力解决当代重大问题时，为我们的方法提供了支撑。这并不是因为我们友善——当然我们的确友善——而是因为通过汇集不同的观点，我们可以在应对那些挑战时获得更好的机会。这就说回到你们，以及世界需要你们成为什么样的领导者。

　　Leadership has always been about getting people to act in common cause. “We’re going to build a new country! We’re going to war! We’re going to the moon!” It usually required convincing, or coercing, a specific group to follow you. And the easiest way to do that has always been through tribal contrasts: “They believe in a different God! They speak a different language! They don’t want the same things as we do.”

　　让人们为了共同的事业行动，这一点一直都是领导力的本质。“我们要建立一个新的国家!我们要发动战争!我们要登上月球!”这通常都需要说服或迫使特定的群体追随你才行，而要做到这一点，最简单的方法向来就是通过部落对比：“他们信仰不同的神!他们说不同的语言!他们想要的东西跟我们不一样。”

　　But the leadership we need most today, and in the years to come, is leadership that brings people together. That brings diversity to a common cause. This is the antithesis of the polarization, the aggressive nationalism, the identity politics that have grown so common of late. It’s harder, of course. Always been easier to divide than unite. But mostly, it requires true courage. Because if you want to bring people around to your way of thinking, you need to first show them that you are open to theirs. That you are willing to enter into a conversation that might change your mind. Show respect for their point of view, and you have a better chance of having them actually listen to yours. And regardless of what happens, you will have had a genuine exchange that focused on understanding, not on winning a debate or scoring points. And you will both be improved for it.

　　但我们如今和以后最需要的领导力，是那种能够把人们团结在一起、把多元化引入共同事业的领导力。这就是极化和激进民族主义的对立面，也是近来变得十分普遍的身份政治的对立面。当然，这要更难。分裂总比团结更容易。但大多数情况下，这需要真正的勇气。因为如果你想让别人接受你的思维方式，你需要先向他们证明，你对他们敞开了怀抱，你愿意参加一场有可能改变自己想法的谈话。尊重他们的观点，你才更有可能让他们聆听你的声音。不管发生了什么，你都会拥有一次真正聚焦于理解的交流，不为赢得辩论，也不为让自己得分。而且，你们彼此都会得到提升。

　　Let me be very clear: this is not an endorsement of moral relativism, or a declaration that all points of view are valid. Female genital mutilation is wrong, no matter how many generations have practiced it. Anthropogenic climate change is real, no matter how much some folks want to deny it. But here’s the question: do you want to win an argument and feel good about how superior you are? Or do you want to actually change behaviours and beliefs? It’s been pointed out that one of the many differences between Abraham Lincoln and Jefferson Davis was that Davis preferred to win a debate, while Lincoln would rather win the war. And that’s the question: Do you want to win an argument, or do you want to change the world?

　　让我再说得清楚些：这不是为道德相对主义背书，也不是宣扬所有观点都是合理的。不管有多少代人实践过，女性割礼都是错的。不管有些人怎么否认，人为气候变化都是真实存在的。但这里的问题是：你是想赢得一场辩论，从中获得优越感?还是真的想改变人们的行为和信仰?有人指出，亚伯拉罕·林肯和杰弗逊·戴维斯的诸多差异之一在于，戴维斯更喜欢赢得辩论，而林肯更愿意赢得战争。这就是问题：你是想赢得争论，还是想改变世界?

　　With malice toward none, and charity toward all. Let those greatest words of this country’s greatest president guide your ambitions, your hopes for yourselves, your families, your country, your planet. There is no shortage of cynicism and selfishness in the world. Be their answer, their antidote. I am abundantly optimistic about the future because of you. It is yours to make and mold and shape. The world eagerly awaits, indeed requires, your ideas. Your initiative. Your enterprise. Your energy. Your passion and compassion. Your idealism. Your ambition. But remember that true courage is the essential ingredient in all your efforts. Congratulations Class of 2018. Go change the world.

　　“对任何人不怀恶意，对一切人宽大仁爱。”让林肯这位美国最伟大总统说过的最伟大的话语来指引你们的雄心壮志，指引你们对自己、对家人、对国家和对世界的期望吧。这个世界不乏愤世嫉俗和自私自利，成为它们的答案，成为它们的解药吧。因为你们，我对未来充满乐观。未来由你们把握和塑造。世界热切地等待着，它的确需要你们的想法、你们的主动性、进取心，需要你们的能量、激情和同情心，需要你们的理想主义和雄心壮志。但请记住，在你们所有的努力中，真正的勇气才是必不可少的要素。

　　Thank you!

　　谢谢!