小编导读：2015年除了环境和能源的巨变，在世界首富盖茨眼中可圈可点的大事件有哪些?

　　Africa Went a Year Without Any Polio

　　非洲没有小儿麻痹症满一年

　　On July 24, Nigeria marked one full year without a single new case of locally acquired polio, the crippling and sometimes fatal disease. It is the last country in Africa to stop transmission of wild polio.

　　小儿麻痹症是种严重的疾病，有时有致命危险，7月24日标志着尼日利亚本土没有爆出任何一例小儿麻痹症病例满一整年。尼日利亚是非洲最后一个野生脊髓灰质炎停止传播的国家。

　　Neil Tyson Made a Stunning Case for Science

　　奈尔·泰森的科学演讲令人耳目一新

　　In April, the astrophysicist Neil deGrasse Tyson accepted the National Academy of Science’s most prestigious award.Inspired by the short and eloquent Gettysburg Address, Dr. Tyson makes his case in just 272 words.

　　4月份，天体物理学家尼尔·德葛拉司·泰森接受美国国家科学院的最高荣誉奖项。《葛底斯堡的演讲》篇幅短小、表达有力，泰森受此启发，仅用272个词完成其演讲。

　　Global Health Innovators Won the Nobel Prize

　　全球健康革新人士斩获诺贝尔奖

　　William C. Campbell of the United States and Satoshi Ōmura of Japan were honored for work that led to the drug Ivermectin, which is super effective at treating a wide range of diseases caused by parasitic worms. Tu Youyou of China was honored for developing Artemisinin, which is the centerpiece of treatments that have made malaria entirely treatable and save more than 100,000 lives every year.

　　美国威廉·C·坎贝尔和日本大村智的成果——伊维菌素对于治疗由寄生虫引起的众多疾病非常有效。中国屠呦呦因研发了青蒿素而获得殊荣，青蒿素能根治疟疾、每年可以拯救十万多条生命。

　　SAT Test Prep Is Now Free for Everyone

　　SAT备考指南如今人人免费

　　This past June, the company that created the SAT helped the Khan Academy launch a free online learning portal for any student who wants help getting ready for the SAT or PSAT.

　　今年6月，SAT的创始公司助可汗学院给SAT和PSAT应考的学生开启免费的在线学习门户。

　　Mobile Banking Exceeds Our Optimistic Projections

　　移动银行已超出乐观预计

　　Mobile banking is one of the best tools for helping people lift themselves out of poverty. Kenya is a good example. Today 75 percent of adults there have accounts with a bank or mobile-money provider, up from only 42 percent in 2011. Other countries that are making huge strides include Brazil, Rwanda, Tanzania, Bangladesh, and India.

　　移动银行是帮助人们摆脱贫困的最佳工具之一。肯尼亚便是一例。如今75%的成年人有银行账户或者有人提供移动货币，而在2011年仅42%的人如此。其它大跨步前进的国家包括巴西、卢旺达、坦桑尼亚、孟加拉国和印度。

　　The Americas Have Eliminated Rubella

　　美洲地区已根除风疹

　　Rubella, also known as German measles, leads to death or severe birth defects when women get the disease during pregnancy. In April, health officials declared the Americas the first region in the world to be free of endemic rubella, thanks to a massive, 15-year effort to vaccinate men, women, and children everywhere in the hemisphere.

　　风疹又称德国麻疹，女性孕期若得此疾病会引胎儿死亡和严重先天缺损。4月，卫生官员称，经过长达15年的努力，在美洲半球各地广泛给成年男女和孩童注射疫苗，美洲地区成为世界首个无流行性风疹的地区。

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（编辑：何莹莹）