普京和博士论文

　　In 2000, Washington Post reporter David Hoffman asked the St. Petersburg State Mining Institute for a copy of Putin’s 218-page doctoral thesis but was refused. In 2005, two researchers at the Brookings Institution in Washington got a copy of the thesis and presented their findings in the year next. What they found was appalling – Putin’s thesis heavily “borrowed” the content from a textbook written by Professors David I. Cleland and William R. King from the University of Pittsburgh.

　　2000年，华盛顿邮报记者大卫·霍夫曼向圣彼得堡国立矿业学院申请获取一份普京长达218页的博士论文的复印件，但是被拒绝了。2005年，华盛顿布鲁金斯学会的两名研究人员拿到了普京论文的复印件，并于2006年发布了他们的惊人发现——普京的论文大量“借用”了一本教科书中内容，该教科书是匹兹堡大学的大卫·克莱兰教授和威廉·金教授撰写的。

　　Although Putin did include the textbook in the bibliography, but no quotations marks anywhere could be found in his thesis.

　　虽然普京在文献里确实提到了这本书，但他在文中完全没有任何有关引用的标明。

　　According to a 2014 report by the Science, the least “borrowing” problems can be found in German, America and Japan; while in Iran, Bulgaria and some other countries, such problems are severe.

　　根据美国《科学》杂志一份2014年的报告，所谓的“借用”问题在德国、美国和日本等国最为少见，而在伊朗、保加利亚等国则最为严重。

　　I think Lee Ellis is correct about T. S. Eliot’s words -- I interpret “steal” to mean, in this context, the act of taking from other texts themes, ideas, rhythms, structures, but not the sentences themselves.

　　我想，李·埃利斯对于T.S.艾略特的话的理解是正确的——我认为，所谓“偷”，指的是从其他文章的主旨、想法、节奏、结构中获得灵感，而不是直接用别人写的句子。

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（责任编辑：何莹莹）