1 Deciduous

　　脱落的

　　A deciduous tree is one that sheds its leaves annually, distinct from an evergreen tree that keeps its foliage year round. But, this autumnal adjective also has a much more poetic meaning of "not permanent" or "transitory."

　　落叶树是一种每年落叶的树，不同于常绿树，常绿树一年四季都有绿叶。但是，这个秋天的形容词也有一个更诗意的意思“非永久的”或“短暂的”。

　　Of these two, the "transitory" sense emerged first (in the mid-1600s), but both stem from the Latin deciduus meaning "falling down, falling off."

　　在这两种意思中，“短暂的”这层含义最早出现(在17世纪中期)，但这两种意思都源于拉丁语deciduus，意思是“掉落，掉下”。

　　2 Gossamer

　　蛛丝

　　Pumpkin patches, apple trees, and heaps of fallen leaves are a few images that may come to mind when you think of autumn. But, what about gossamer?

　　当你想到秋天的时候，你可能会想到南瓜地、苹果树和成堆的落叶。但是，你会想到蛛丝吗?

　　This delightfully descriptive word is defined as "a fine, filmy cobweb seen on grass or bushes or floating in the air in calm weather, especially in autumn." The term is also used to refer to a delicate variety of gauze.

　　这个词被定义为“在无风的天气里，尤其是在秋天，在草地或灌木上看到的或漂浮在空中的纤细的、朦胧的蜘蛛网。”这个词也用来指各种精致的纱布。

　　3 Cornucopia

　　丰饶角

　　The cornucopia, a symbol of abundance that many of us have come to associate with Thanksgiving, has its roots in clasical mythology.

　　丰饶角是丰饶的象征，我们很多人都把它与感恩节联系在一起，它起源于古典神话。

　　The word comes from the Latin cornu copiae, meaning "horn of plenty." The horn in question belonged to the nymph Amalthaea, who suckled Zeus as an infant on goat's milk. Sometimes, she is represented as the goat.

　　这个词来自拉丁语cornu copiae，意思是“丰饶之角”。这只角属于Amalthaea女神，她还用山羊奶喂养哺乳期的宙斯。有时，她被描绘成山羊。

　　As one version of the story goes, Zeus accidentally broke off one of Amalthaea's horns. To make up for this, he promised the horn would always be filled with whatever its owner desired ... apparently fruits and flowers?

　　在这个故事的一个版本中，宙斯不小心折断了Amalthaea的一只角。为了弥补错误，他承诺这只羊角将永远装满它的主人想要的任何东西……显然是水果和鲜花?

　　4 Indian summer

　　印第安的夏天

　　An Indian summer is a period of warm, dry weather occurring in late October or early November and following a period of colder weather.

　　印第安的夏天是指出现在十月末或十一月初的温暖干燥的天气，之后是一段较冷的天气。

　　The coinage of this term, recorded in the late 1700s, is uncertain, though one theory is that it stems from the Native Americans' practice of gathering food for winter during this unseasonable heat wave.

　　据记载，这个词创于18世纪晚期，但并不确定，不过有一种理论认为，它源于美国原住民在这种不合时宜的热浪中为过冬收集食物的习惯。

　　In the UK, an autumnal warm spell can be called a St. Luke's Little Summer and St. Martin's Summer, for when these Christian saints' feast days fall in October and November, respectively.

　　在英国，秋天的温暖期可以被称St. Luke's Little Summer和St. Martin's Summer，因为这两个基督教圣徒的节日分别在10月和11月。

　　And Shakespeare once called it an All Hallow'n Summer ...

　　莎士比亚曾称它为“All Hallows summer”……

　　5 Halloween

　　万圣节

　　Speaking of Halloween, the word Halloween is ultimately a shortened version of the phrase All Hallows' Even, which means "Eve of All Saints."

　　说到万圣节，Halloween这个词最终是All Hallows Even的缩写，意思是“万圣之夜”。

　　The term references the November 1 Christian holiday, All Saints' Day, which commemorates all the saints (once called hallows) of the Christian church.

　　这个词指的是11月1日的基督教节日，天下圣徒之日，纪念基督教会所有的圣徒(曾被称为圣器)。

　　Some of the customs of Halloween, however, are linked to the Celtic festival of Samhain, which also occurred around November 1 to celebrate the beginning of winter. Souls of those who had died were believed to return to their homes, where they werefeasted.

　　然而，万圣节的一些习俗与凯尔特人的萨温节有关，萨温节也是在11月1日左右，用来庆祝冬天的开始。人们认为，死者的灵魂会回到他们的家园，在那里举行宴会。

　　6 Harvest moon

　　收获月

　　Harvest moon refers to the full moon occurring nearest to the autumnal equinox.

　　收获月是指在秋分前后出现的满月。

　　Before electricity, it's said, the extra light provided by this brilliant moon allowed farmers to work into the night gathering their crops during peak harvest season.

　　据说，在有电之前，明亮的月亮提供的额外的光线让农民们可以在收获的高峰期工作到深夜收获庄稼。

　　Other names names for special types of full moons in fall include: fruit moon (September), hunter's moon (October), and frosty and beaver moon (November).

　　秋天满月的其他名字还包括:水果月(9月)、猎人月(10月)、霜冻月和海狸月(11月)。

　　7 September

　　9月

　　It refers to the ninth month of the year, but the word September is formed from the Latin term septem, which means "seven." What's going on here?

　　9月是一年中的第九个月，但“September”这个词是由拉丁语septem演变而来，意思是“七”。这是怎么回事?

　　This name is a vestige of the month's place in the ancient Roman calendar, which had 10 months. The Julian calendar reform in 46–45 b.c. added January and February to make a 12-month year, rendering September (along with October, November, and December, respectively formed from the Latin words for "eight," "nine," and "ten") an etymological misnomer.

　　这个名字是古罗马日历上月份的遗迹，古罗马日历上有10个月。公元前46-45年的儒略历改革加入1月和2月，使一年有12个月，因此9月(以及10月、11月和12月分别由拉丁文“八‘’，“九”和“十”组成)是一个语源学上的误称。