高中英语重点语法:高中英语所有从句大梳理(可打印)
2019-04-03 14:24
来源:奇速英语
作者:
❶连接代词
Who ,whom ,whose ,which ,what,在句中担任主语、宾语、定语或者表语。连接代词一般指疑问,但what, whatever除了指疑问外,也可以指陈述.
Do you know who has won Red Alert game?
你知道是谁赢得了红色警报的游戏么?
The book will show you what the best CEOs should know.
这本书会告诉你最好的执行总裁该了解什么.
❷连接副词
When ,where ,why ,how,在句中担任状语的成分。
He didn’t tell me when we should meet again. 他没有告诉我什么时候我们能再见面。
Could you please tell me how you use the new panel?
你能告诉我怎么用这个新的操作盘吗?
None of us knows where these new parts can be bought.
没有人知道这些的新的零件能在哪里买到。
2.宾语从句的语序
宾语从句的语序是陈述句语序即:连接代词/副词+主语+谓语+其他成分。
I don’t know what they are looking for.
Could you tell me when the train will leave?
3.宾语从句的时态
(1)时态:主句是一般现在时,从句根据实际情况使用任何时态。
例句:The headmaster hopes everything goes well.
(2)主句是过去时态,从句须用过去时态的某种形式。
例句:She was sorry that she hadn’t finished her work on time.
(3)当宾语从句表示的是一个客观真理或者事实时,即使主句是过去时,从句也用一般现在时态。
例句:The teacher told his class that light travels faster than sound.
★注意:运用虚拟语气的情况在表示“建议 suggest 、advise、propose; 要求demand 、desire、request; 决定 decide; 命令 order、command、require; 坚决主张 insist”等动词后跟宾语从句,用(should)+v.(虚拟语气)
如:I suggested that you(should)study hard.
He ordered that we should go out at once.
虚拟语气用在宾语从句中:动词 wish, suggest ,order ,insist , propose,等词后面的宾语从句表示的是一种虚拟语气,宾语从句中的动词动作表示的只是一种愿望、要求。
如:I wish she would be on my side. 我希望她能站在我一边。
I wish I could help him. 我希望我能帮助他。
He insisted that all of us should be there on time by any means. 他坚持要我们大家想尽办法按时去那儿。
动词 demand, suggest, order, insist, propose 后面的从句中,"should" 可以省略。
如:The teacher suggested that we (should) clean the blackboard after class. 老师建议我们课后把黑板擦了。
He ordered that the students wash the clothes every week by themselves. 他要求学生每周都要自己洗衣服。
4.简化宾语从句的方法
把含有宾语从句的复合句转化为简单句,使其与原句意思相同(或相近)的试题。下面就介绍几种常用的简化宾语从句的方法:
(1)当主句谓语动词是hope, decide, wish, choose, agree, promise等,且宾语从句的主语与主句主语一致时,宾语从句可简化为不定式结构。例如:
Li Ming hopes he will be back very soon.
→Li Ming hopes to be back very soon.
We decided that we would help him.
→We decided to help him.
(2)当主句谓语动词是know, learn, remember, forget, tell等动词,且主句主语与从句主语一致时,宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。
例如:
She has forgotten how she can open the window.
→She has forgotten how to open the window.