30句最常见的Chinglish,你中了几枪?
2018-12-12 14:14
来源:邱政政
作者:
你不好好学习,还想去牛津上大学。这可真是个不切实际的幻想哟!
✖ You don't study hard, yet you want to go to Oxford. What an impractical illusion!
✔ You don't study hard, yet you want to go to Oxford. What an illusion!
汉语中的修饰语往往用的很多,目的在于加强语气,但这种表达习惯在翻译时必须进行处理。Illusion 本身就有 impractical 的含义,而英语中在表意已经很明确的情况下是无需重复的。
想让他答应这样的要求恐怕不大可能。
✖ I'm afraid it is impossible for him to agree to such a request.
✔ I'm afraid it is unlikely for him to agree to such a request.
Impossible 表示“完全不可能”,所以与原文有出入。在英语中,probable 表示的可能性最大,其次是 possible,再次是 likely。而常用的句式为 it is probable/possible/likely for sb to do sth,或 sb be likely to do sth。
她和男朋友吵了一架,冒着大雨跑了出去。
✖ She quarreled with her boyfriend and ran out in the big rain.
✔ She quarreled with her boyfriend and ran out in the heavy rain.
汉语中的“大”可以修饰很多名词,如“大风”、“大浪”、“湿气大”等,但在英语里却不能一一对应。例如,“大雨”就不能译成 big rain。英美人形容雨大习惯用“重”(heavy),heavy rain(大雨),heavy clouds(云雾大),heavy moisture(潮气大)等,这也许是因为他们认为有些事物用重量来衡量比用体积更好吧。
在皎洁的月光下,那个花花公子在我耳边悄悄说着情话。
✖ The playboy whispered love words into my ear under a bright moon.
✔ The playboy whispered sweet nothings into my ear under a bright moon.
因为“情书”是 love letter,“情歌”是 love song,所以不少人以为“情话”就应该是 love words,其实并非如此。英语中“情话”常用 lovers' prattle 或 sweet nothings 来表达。Prattle 有“孩子话,废话”的意思,所以 lovers' prattle 指“恋人之间孩子气的废话”;sweet nothings 更是一目了然,有“甜蜜而不中用”的意思。
给这位女士来杯威士忌,记在我的账上。
✖ Whisky for this lady, and put it on my bill.
✔ Whisky for this lady, and put it on my tab.
我们可以说 Could we have the bill, please? (请给我们账单好吗?)或 pay the bill(埋单),但“记在某某的账上”却不用 bill,而要用 put...on one's tab 表示。
Tab 是“小纸片”的意思,因为过去小店的生意都是靠住在附近的老主顾,赊账时有发生,于是老板们通常把每个人的赊账情况记在各自的小纸片上,也就是 put...on one's tab,以防遗忘。
现在put it on my tab也就是说先把账记在我开的账单上,我以后一起算清。
昨天晚上我们玩得很愉快。
✖ We played very pleasantly last night.
✔ We enjoyed ourselves very much last night. / We had a good time last night.
玩牌,打球,演戏之类就用 play,汉语这儿说的玩是指度过一个愉快的时候,最好译成 enjoy oneself 或 have a good time.
如果是和某人一起玩的话,最好说成hang out with sb,不要说play with sb,后者容易引起误会,带有性暗示。
嘿,小伙子,千万别灰心。
✖ Hey, lad, don't lose your heart.
✔ Hey, lad, don't lose heart.
Lose one's heart (to sb) 是“心被...俘虏去,爱上...”的意思,而 lose heart 才表示“灰心丧气,丧失勇气或信心”。
百里挑一
✖ one in a hundred
✔ one in a thousand
“百里挑一”常被用来形容“很特别,很出众”或“与众不同”,one in a thousand 也有相同的含义。但值得注意的是,汉语用“百”,而英语则以十倍于百的 thousand 来夸张。同样,汉语的“十分感谢”或“万分感谢”,英语则说 a thousand thanks(千分感谢)或 thanks a million times(百万次的感谢)。可见,英语比汉语要夸张。
周末许多人睡得很晚。
✖ Most people sleep late on weekends.
✔ Most people stay up late on weekends.
英语动词有短暂动词和持续动词之分。Sleep 是典型的持续动词,表示“在睡觉”的过程。而原文的睡表示“上床睡觉”的短暂动作,所以不能直接翻译成sleep late。睡得晚,就是stay up late,也可以说go to sleep late。
另外,sleep late的意思是早上起得晚。
一辆白色轿车前来接新郎新娘去教堂。
✖ A white car turned up to take the groom and the bride to the church.
✔ A white car turned up to take the bride and the groom to the church.
汉英两种语言均有各自固定的词序,因此,在翻译时要根据各自的语言习惯进行适当的调整,此处就是一个很好的例子。之所以将新娘放在前面,也许是西方文化中“女士优先”的又一体现吧!又如:“衣食住行”译成英语是 food, clothing, shelter and transportation; 同样,“左顾右盼”翻译成 look right and left。