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初中英语知识点总结:初中英语语法——常见介词用法错误

2018-07-30 14:01

来源:互联网

作者:

  [误] Three days after he died.

  [正] After three days he died.

  [正] Three days later he died.

  [析] after 与 later都可以用来表达一段时间之后,但它们所处的位置不同,after 在时间词前,而later在时间词后。

  [误] She hid herself after the tree.

  [正] She hid herself behind the tree.

  [析] after多用来表达某动作之后,所以有的语法书中称它为动态介词,如:I run after him. After finishing my homework, I went to see a film. 而behind则多用于静态事物之后。

  [误] There is a beautiful bird on the tree.

  [正] There is a beautiful bird in the tree.

  [析] 树上长出的果实,树叶要用on, 而其他外来的人、物体均要用in the tree.

  [误] Shanghai is on the east of China.

  [正] Shanghai is in the east of China.

  [析] 在表达地理位置时有3个介词:in, on, to. in表示在某范围之内; on表示与某地区接壤;to则表示不相接。如:Japan is to the east of China.

  [误] I arrived at New York on July 2nd.

  [正] I arrived in New York on July 2nd.

  [析] at用来表达较小的地方,而in用来表达较大的地方。at常用于at the school gate, at home, at a bus stop, at the station, at the cinema, at a small village.

  [误] He lived in No. 3 Beijing Road.

  [正] He lived at No. 3 Beijing Road.

  [析] 在门牌号码前要用at, 并要注意它的惯用法:at the end of the street, at the foot of the mountain, at the top of the page.

  [误] There is a colour TV set at the corner of the hall.

  [正] There is a colour TV set in the corner of the hall.

  [析] 在屋内的角落应用in,而墙的外角用at,如:There is a tree at the corner of the street.

  [误] This weekend I’ll stay in Uncle Wang’s.

  [正] This weekend I’ll stay at Uncle Wang’s.

  [析] 要注意英文的特殊表达法,如:at a tailor’s shop (裁缝店)=at a tailor’s, at the doctor’s (去看病) at the bookseller’s (在书店) at uncle Wang’s (在王叔叔家)

  [误] Do you know there is some good news on today’s newspaper?

  [正] Do you know there is some good news in today’s newspaper?

  [析] 在报纸上的新闻要用in, 而在具体某一版上,或某一页上则要用on.

  [误] The school will begin on September 1st.

  [正] School will begin on September 1st.

  [析]这里的school应看作不可数名词泛指学校的课程,即开学之意。要注意,有些活动场所当表达正在从事该种活动时不要加冠词,如:at table (吃饭), When I came to Tom’s home, they were at table. 还有: at desk (学习),at work (工作) at school (上学), in hospital (住医院) at church 作礼拜如加上定冠词则另有他意,如:at the school 即在学校工作或办事,in the hospital 即在医院工作或去看望病人。

  [误] In my way to the station, I bought a newspaper to kill time.

  [正] On my way to the station, I bought a newspaper to kill time.

  [析]译文为:在去车站的路上我买了份报纸,为的是消磨时光“在……的路上”应用on one‘s way…。而 in the way 有挡道之意,如:Please move the chair it is in the way.

  [误] Look, the door is open, Maybe someone broke into.

  [正] Look, the door is open, Maybe someone broke in.

  [正] Look, the door is open, Maybe someone broke into the office.

  [析] in是表达一个静止状态,在与break连用时其后不加介词宾语,而into则是动态介词,与break连用时要加介词宾语。

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