初中英语知识点总结:谓语动词和主语的一致
2018-07-17 16:28
来源:新东方网整理
作者:
有时一个主语后跟一逗号,以及“and+名词+副词”,后面的动词就常和第一个名词一致。“and+名词+副词”可以看作一个省略的分句:
Mary,and her parents too(or also,likewise,as well),isfond of John.(=Mary is fond of John,and her parents arefond of John,too.)
Mary,and perhaps(or particularly,even,certainly)herparents,is fond of John.(and+副词+名词)
Mary,but not her parents,is fond of John.
Mary's parents,but not Mary herself,are fond of John.(在跟有not时,可以用but代替and。)
单纯数词一般看作单数,如果有两个数词由and或time或其它词连接,动词可以用单数或复数形式:
Thirteen is an unlucky number.
Two and two make(or makes)four.
Eight plus five equals thirteen.(书面体)
Three fives are(or is)fifteen.(口语体)
Three times five are(or is)fifteen.
What are(or is)twice seven?
40 multiplied by 58 equals 2320.(书面体)
Five from nine(or Nine take away five)is(or leaves)four.(口语体)
Six hundred and one minus forty equals five hundred and six-ty-one.(书面体)
Three into twelve goes four.(口语体)
Two hundred fifty divided by fifty equals five.(书面体)如果数词表示复数的人或东西,动词也用复数形式:
Five(=Five Persons)were killed.
One and a half…为复数,而half a…为单数:
One and a half dollars were spent on sugar,and half a dollarwas Spent on flour.
A fine and/or imprisonment is(or are)not enough.
如果两个主语由or或nor连接,动词与最靠近的主语一致:Either you or I am right.
Neither Alice nor her parents like Mike.
One or two words are enough.(但是A word or two is e-nough.)
There is one or two examples.
Wang or rather his brothers decide the matter.
但:Life or(=and)death are nothing to me.
Whether John or Mary are willing to help me is still a problem.
两个主语若由not only…but also…连接起来,动词和最近的主语一致:
Not only my house,but many other houses have been white-washed.
(但最好说:Not only my house has been whitewashed,butmany other houses,too.)
Not only Mary's parents,but also Mary herself likes Mike.
There is not only Mary,but also Mary's parents.
如果主语后跟有介词短语、连词短语或是分词短语,动词仍与主语一致,不受中间插入成分的影响(注意主语后及短语后的逗号):
Two girls,besides(介词)Mary,are studying Malay.
All my sisters,except Lilian,study flower-arranging.
The street,with so many people going up and down,is dirty.
Lee,together with(介词短语)his three brothers,has cometo our party.
The horses,along with their owner,fall into the river.
This problem,in addition to the other two,make me sad.
You,as well as(连词短语)he,are mistaken.
The students,much more than the teacher,wish for a holi-day.
The teacher,as much as the students,wishes for a holiday.
Wang's friends,no less than Wang himself,wish for his suc-cess.
One apple,divided(分词短语)by six children,is a thingunpleasant.
The manager,accompanied by his assistants,has gone out.
My schoolmates,including John,are kind to me.
All the members,not excepting the chairman,are arrived.