legend of chang-er, the moon goddess

　　the story begins around 2170 b.c. after the great flood in the hsia dynasty. yu, king of many kingdoms, was credited with stopping the flood, and with teaching farmers how to cultivate their fields, thus commencing a prosperous epoch.

　　at the same time in heaven the jade emperor wished to help the farmers raise animals and cultivate their fields. he gave orders to his ten sons to become ten suns and travel across the sky one at a time, each taking one day. the ten young men disobeyed; all ten of them came out every day, and the heat from ten suns shining all at once made the earth intolerably hot. people and animals died of heat, rivers dried up, land became barren and forests scorched and burned.

　　the farmers prayed, giving sacrifices and burning incense to heaven for deliverance. the jade emperor heard their prayers and saw the destruction caused by his sons. he sent hou yi, his bravest god, down to earth to solve the problem of the ten suns and end the catastrophe. hou yi was a good, courageous god with a beautiful wife, chang er. deeply in love with each other, they were known as the divine couple. chang er didn't like the thought of going down to earth, but she was unwilling to be separated from her husband, so together they descended to earth and became mortals among the eastern clans.

　　hou yi was a great archer and brought his magic bow from heaven with him. knowing that hou yi came from heaven, the people of the clans proclaimed him to be their leader.

　　seeing how much suffering and destruction were caused by the heat of the ten suns, hou yi climbed to the top of tienshan mountain and began negotiating with the suns to have pity on the unfortunate people. he pleaded to the suns to take turns and make their journeys across the sky singly, one for each day, and explained the white blaze of ten suns is much too much for the land to bear. he also told them how much heaven loves all living things.

　　but the ten audacious suns considered it dull and boring to go across the sky one at a time and that much more fun was to be had by coming out together, so they refused to listen. they increased their heat and caused even more suffering. this angered hou yi. he took out his magic bow and arrows and shot down nine of the suns; the last sun begged for his life and promised obedience at performing his task of separating night from day.

　　finally the earth was at peace and people enjoyed their work and lives. however, when hou yi made his report to the jade emperor, he was furious at hou yi for killing his nine sons, and refused to let the divine couple return to heaven.

　　as leader of the clans, there was much for hou yi to do on earth. he taught the people many ways to defend their land and themselves. he was so busy with his duties he became neglectful of his lovely and lonely wife. chang er was especially unhappy to be an earthly mortal with all of mortality's suffering, aging and death in particular. also, she was angry at hou yi for shooting down the jade emperor's nine sons, and the couple became unhappy and estranged.

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（实习编辑：高奕飞）