初中英语必考八大时态结构及用法详解
2019-12-27 11:11
来源:初中英语
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4. 虚拟语气中用一般过去时表示现在或将来时间的动作或状态。常用句型有:
It is time that sb. did sth. “某人该做某事了”
would rather sb. did sth. “宁愿某人做某事”
3一般将来时标志:will / shall + 动词原形1. 表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态,通常与表示将来的时间状语连用(e.g. tomorrow, next week, in the future等)。如:We shall have a lot of rain next month.
My husband will come back in a few days.
2. 表示倾向性和习惯性:Fish will die without water.
When it gets warmer, the snow will start to melt.
3. 一般将来时的几种句式结构辨析:1) will / shall + 动词原形多用于表达主观愿望或必定会发生的事情(“将会如何”)*shall作助动词时一般只用于第一人称2) be going to + 动词原形表示即将发生或打算要做的事:It is going to rain.
We are going to have a meeting today.
3) be to + 动词原形表示按计划或安排即将要发生的动作:He is to visit Japan next year.
We are to discuss the report on Monday.
4) be about to + 动词原形表示即将发生的动作,意为“马上要做某事”,后面一般不跟时间状语,如:The plane is about to start.
Don’t worry. I am about to make a close examination on you.
4现在进行时标志:be + 动词的现在分词1. 表示说话时正在进行的动作:She is writing a letter upstairs.
Who are you waiting for?
It is raining hard.
2. 表示现阶段一直在进行的动作(说话时动作未必正在进行):I hear Mr. Green is writing another novel.
3. 表示反复出现或习惯性的动作,往往包含说话者赞扬、责备、厌恶等情绪,通常与always, constantly, continually, forever等频度副词连用。如:John is forever asking silly questions like a stupid.
He is always thinking of others first.
4. 表示将来1) 表示按计划、安排将要发生的动作,仅适用于部分趋向动词(如go, come, leave, start, arrive等)。如:Uncle Wang is coming.
They're leaving for Beijing.
2) 在时间和条件状语从句中,现在进行时表示将来某时正在发生的事情。如:Please drop in when you are passing my way.
If he is still sleeping, don’t wake him up.
5过去进行时标志:was / were + 动词的现在分词1. 表示过去某一时刻或一段时间正在进行的动作,过去进行时中常用的时间状语有the whole morning, all day yesterday, from January to March last year等。如:I was having a talk with Lucy at that time.
They were watching TV at home last night.
2. 表示过去反复出现或习惯性的动作,往往包含说话者赞扬、责备、厌恶等情绪,通常与always, constantly, continually, forever等频度副词连用。如:My brother was always losing his keys.
3. 表示按计划、安排过去某时刻将要发生的动作,仅适用于部分趋向动词(如go, come, leave, start, arrive等)。如:He said they were leaving for Beijing this afternoon.
4. 过去进行时有一个主要用法就是描述一件事情发生的背景(一个长动作延续的时候,另一个短动作发生):Granny fell asleep when she was reading.
It was raining when they left the station.
6现在完成时标志:have / has + 动词的过去分词1. 表示一个过去发生并已完成的动作对现在产生影响或结果,强调的是现在的状况(表示“已完成”)。如:He has left the city. (结果:他目前不在这个城市)
Someone has broken the window. (结果:窗户破了)