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　　第一部分：如何引出话题

　　1)对立法：先引出其他人的不同看法，然后提出自己的看法或者偏向于某一看法，适用于有争议性的主题。

　　*1+ When asked about..., the vast/overwhelming majority of people say that …. But I think/view a bit differently.

　　当被问及道......的话题，大多数人认为，但是我却持有一点反对意见。

　　*2+ When it comes to ...., some people believe that…. Others argue/claim that the opposite/reverse is true. There is probably some truth in both arguments/statements, but I tend to the former/latter.

　　一提到....一些人相信....然后另一部分人却不这么认为。这两种观点都有相对正确的地方，但我更倾向于前者(后者)

　　*3+Now, it is commonly/generally/widely believed/held/acknowledged that..... They claim/ believe/argue that ... But I wonder/doubt whether..... 现在，普遍的观点认为...他们坚信....但我对此却表示怀疑...

　　2)现象法：引出要剖析的现象或者问题，然后评论。

　　[1] Recently the rise in the problem/phenomenon of ... has cause/aroused public/popular/wide/ worldwide concern.

　　近来有个现象(问题)不断发生...并且已经受到公众广泛关注。

　　[2] Recently the issue of the problem/phenomenon of ...has been brought into focus/into public attention.

　　最近关于....的现象(问题)已经进入了公众的视线。

　　[3] Inflation/Corruption/Social inequality ... is yet another of the new and bitter truth we have to learn to face now/constantly.

　　通货膨胀(****、社会不平等社会问题)已经成为了新的可怕的真相，使我们不得不持续地面对。

　　3)观点法：开门见山，直接了当地提出自己对要讨论的问题的看法。

　　[1] Now people in growing/significant numbers are beginning/coming to realize/accept/(be aware) that...

　　现在越来越多的人已经开始意识到...

　　[2] Now there is a(n) growing awareness/recognition of the necessity to.... 越来越多人已经意识到....的必要性

　　[3] Now people become increasingly aware/conscious of the importance of .... 现在人们已经不断地密切关注......的重要性

　　[4] Perhaps it is time to have a fresh look at the attitude/idea that.... 是时候应该对用一种新的观点(态度)来看待...了

　　4)引用法：先引出名人名言或者有代表性的看法，来引出文章要展开论述的观点!

　　[1] "Knowledge is power." This is the remark made by Bacon. This remark has been shared by more and more people.

　　“知识就是力量”这是培根的名言，正被越来越多的人分享。

　　[2] "Education is not complete with graduation." This is the opinion of a great American philosopher. Now more and more people share his opinion.

　　“教育不应该随着毕业而结束。”这是一个著名的美国哲学家的观点，现在越来越多人分享着他的名言。

　　[3] "...." We often hear statements/words like those/this. 我们经常听到这句名言...

　　[4] We often hear such traditional complains as this "....". 我们经常听到这句古训...

　　5)比较法：通过对过去、现在两种不同的倾向、观点的比较，引出文章要讨论的观点。

　　[1] For years, ...had been viewed as .... But people are taking a fresh look now. With the growing ..., people ....

　　多年来，普遍认为的观点是...但是现在人们正用一种新的眼光看...随着...的增长，人们还会...

　　[2] People used to think that ... (In the past, ....) But people now share this new idea.

　　过去人们认为，但是现在人们有了新的观点。

　　6)故事法：先讲一个较短的故事来引发读者的兴趣，引出文章的主题。少用!

　　[1] Once in (a newspaper), I read of/learnt..... The phenomenon of ... has aroused public concern.

　　曾经在报纸上我读到过这么一段事情...这个现象已经引发了强烈的关注。

　　[2] I have a friend who ... Should he ....? Such a dilemma we are often confronted with in our daily life.

　　我有个朋友他....他应该这样吗?此类困难在我们日常生活中一直遇到。

　　[3]Once upon a time, there lived a man who .... This story may be (unbelievable), but it still has a realistic significance now.

　　从前有个人...这个故事也许是虚构的，但我认为现在很有现实意义。