零基础学英语:程度副词怎么用?
2016-08-16 09:34
来源:沪江
作者:
在英语中,副词用于修饰形容词以及副词。程度副词,顾名思义,就是对一个形容词或副词在程度上加以限定或者修饰的副词,告诉读者某事发生的频率高低。在英语中许许多多的程度副词,让我们看几个例子。(以程度副词的频率从高到低排序)
always - He always does his homework.
他总是写作业。
usually - They usually complete the work on time.
他们通常及时完成工作。
often - I often watch movies online.
我经常在线看电影。
sometimes - Jack sometimes comes over for dinner.
杰克有时候会过来吃晚餐。
occasionally - She occasionally asks a question.
她偶尔问问题。
rarely - They rarely have any homework.
他们很少有作业。
never - I never complain at work.
我从不抱怨工作。
学习了几个程度副词,那么问题来了。程度副词在句子里的位置是怎么样的呢?这需要我们分情况讨论。
1.如果句子里有谓语动词(不包含助动词),则把程度副词放在主谓之间
结构:主语+程度副词+谓语动词
Tom usually goes to work by car.
汤姆通常开车去上班。
Mary often asks me for help.
玛丽经常向我求助。
2.放在be动词之后
结构:主语+be+程度副词
Tom is often late.
汤姆经常迟到。
Anne isn't usually sick.
安妮通常不会生病。
Peter isn't always right.
彼特并非永远正确。
注意:如果我们把程度副词放在省略句中,则该结构不成立。
Is she usually on time?
她通常都准时吗?
Yes, she usually is.
是的,她通常都是。
She never is.
她从不是。
口语中还有其他的习惯表达,也不必要遵循上述结构。
What are you doing here? Shouldn't you be at school?
你怎么在这儿?你不应该在学校吗?
I normally am at school at this time, but my teacher is ill.
通常这时候我应该在学校,但是老师生病了。
3.如果句中有多个动词(包含助动词),则把程度副词放在谓语结构的第一个动词之后
结构:主语+助动词或情态动词+程度副词+主动词
I can never remember his name.
我总是记不住他的名字。
Anne doesn't usually smoke.
安妮通常不吸烟
The children have often complained about the playground facilities.
孩子们经常抱怨游乐场设施。
但在have to句型中存在例外。
结构:主语+程度副词+have to+主动词
We often have to wait for the bus.
我们经常要等公车。
She never has to do any housework.
她从不需要做家务。
4.省略句中可以把程度副词放在句首或句末(但通常较少放在句末)
结构1:程度副词+主语+主动词
Sometimes we go to school by bus.
有时我们乘公交车去上学。
Often he waits for her after class.
他经常在课后等她。
Usually Peter arrives early for work.
通常彼特很早来上班。
结构2:主语+主动词+程度副词
We go to school by bus sometimes.
有时我们乘公交车去上学。
They like to watch TV often.
他们经常喜欢看电视。
注意:always不能用于句首或句尾;never, seldom, rarely不用于句尾,且用于句首时常用于表达看法或观点。
Never has there been a better time to overcome our differences.
不会再有比这个更好的时机来克服我们的不同。
Rarely do we have an opportunity like this.
我们很少会遇到这样一个机会。
5.在问句中,把程度副词放在主动词前
结构:助动词+主语+程度副词+主动词
Do you often go to the cinema?
你经常去电影院吗?
Did he sometimes leave the classroom?
他有时会离开教室吗?
注意:never, seldom, rarely等带有否定意思的程度副词通常少用于问句。
6.在否定句中,把程度副词放在主动词前
结构:主语+助动词+程度副词+主动词
They don't often go to the cinema.
他们不常去电影院。
Peter doesn't normally want to come with us.
彼特通常不想来找我们。
注意:never, seldom, rarely等带有否定意思的程度副词通常没有否定形式。
(编辑:何莹莹)